What is the difference between per-core and runtime SQL Server licensing?

Per-core licensing covers general-purpose servers and follows the server’s physical cores. Runtime licensing covers SQL Server embedded in dedicated devices that ship with the database preinstalled.

Is SQL Server Express free?

Yes, SQL Server Express is a free edition with feature and compute limits, and it is a valid choice for lightweight internal workloads.

Can I use a runtime license on a general-purpose server?

No. Runtime licenses are intended for embedded and dedicated devices. Using one for a general server creates a compliance finding.

Where can I buy SQL Server IoT runtime licenses?

Through a Microsoft Authorized Reseller/Distributor such as KeyStarter, which issues invoices and confirms the license model before checkout.

SQL Server IoT Licensing Guide: Runtime and Per-Core